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Videos about China's Resistance War: The Battle of Shanghai & Nanking; Bombing of Chungking; The Burma Road (in English)
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Nanchang Mutiny; Canton Commune; Korean/Chinese Communists & the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria; Communist-instigated Fujian Chinese Republic
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The Wuhan Gang, including Joseph Stilwell, Agnes Smedley, Evans Carlson, Frank Dorn, Jack Belden, S.T. Steele, John Davies, David Barrett and more, were the core of the Americans who were to influence the American decision-making on behalf of the Chinese communists. 
It was not something that could be easily explained by Hurley's accusation in late 1945 that American government had been hijacked by 
i) the imperialists (i.e., the British colonialists whom Roosevelt always suspected to have hijacked the U.S. State Department)  
and ii) the communists.  At play was not a single-thread Russian or Comintern conspiracy against the Republic of China but an additional channel 
that was delicately knit by the sophisticated Chinese communist saboteurs to employ the above-mentioned Americans for their cause The Wuhan Gang & The Chungking Gang, i.e., the offsprings of the American missionaries, diplomats, military officers, 'revolutionaries' & Red Saboteurs and "Old China Hands" of 1920s and the herald-runners of the Dixie Mission of 1940s.
Wang Bingnan's German wife, Anneliese Martens, physically won over the hearts of  Americans by providing the wartime 'bachelors' with special one-on-one service per Zeng Xubai's writings.  Though, Anna Wang [Anneliese Martens], in her memoirs, expressed jealousy over Gong Peng by stating that the Anglo-American reporters had flattered the Chinese communists and the communist movement as a result of being entranced with the goldfish-eye'ed personal assistant of Zhou Enlai
Stephen R. Mackinnon & John Fairbank invariably failed to separate fondness for the Chinese communist revolution from fondness for Gong Peng, the Asian fetish who worked together with Anneliese Martens to infatuate American wartime reporters. (More, refer to Communist Platonic Club at wartime capital Chungking.)

 


 
This passage on Red Army's crossing the Dadu-he River at Luding Iron Chain Bridge is to diffuse some ongoing "brawling over the facts". While having no grudge against Chang & Halliday's depicting Mao as a monster, this webmaster agrees with Thomas Bernstein of Columbia University and Steve Tsang of Oxford University that the book "Mao: The Unknown Story" spelled a disaster for the serious history research due to the commodity nature of the said book. Clearly bucks and pounds mean more than straightening out historical truth for the said authors. It also makes the webmaster's task of rectifying China's modern history more important than ever.
 
Good reviews of the said book would be:
A swan's little book of ire
Jade and Plastic: A Review of Mao: The Unknown Story by Jung Chang and Jon Halliday (Andrew Nathan - The London Review of Books)
linked at
http://www.howardwfrench.com/archives/2005/11/13/jade_and_plastic_a_review_of_ mao_the_unknown_story_ by_jung_chang_and_jon_halliday/
http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/a-swans- little-book-of-ire/2005/10/07/1128563003642.html?oneclick=true
 
Thomas Bernstein of Columbia University in New York, having examined the book, stated that "the book is a major disaster for the contemporary China field". Oxford University's Steve Tsang made the following comment: "Mao was a monster, ...[But] their distortion of history to make their case will in the end make it more difficult to reveal how horrible Mao and the Chinese Communist Party system were, and how much damage they really did to the Chinese people."
 
Historical facts and events:
 
  • The third important Communist meeting on the Long March after Liping Meeting & Zunyi Meeting was the Huili Meeting that was held outside of the citywall because Red Army failed to sack the city from Sichuan Provincial Army during the seven day and seven night siege. This exhibited the fact that provincial troops did resist the Red Army without a deliberate let-go in the early stage of the conflicts. Related to Huili Meeting would be Lin Biao's criticism letter against Mao Tse-tung regarding 'banditry flightism' and Peng Dehuai's implication [during the 1959 Lushan Meeting] for Lin Biao's suggestion at 1935 Huili Meeting that Peng replace Mao as the leader of Red Army.
     
  • Li Lishan said he was fetched to Russian Altai from Moscow for talking to Red Army over radio as a result of Moscow losing touch with the Red Army. Otto Braun memoirs confirmed this loss of contact from his angle but had no implication that a relay station in Shanghai was sabotaged by government agents at the exact timig of the long march. [After he sabotae of the relay radio station, CCP interim central in Shanghai rebuilt the telegraph service and continued to call on the Red Army but failed to get the signal received by the Red Army Central.] Whereas, Comintern telegraph set was always safe in Rewi Alley's house, operated by a British communist who worked in Shanghai municipal electricty company as well as two German communist women (possibly sisters by the name of Wei-te Ma-ya and Fei-te Ma-ya]. Alternative CCP records stated that it was Red Army themselves who destroyed the heavy radio equipment prior to the breakout and brought along lighter telegraph sets. Communist records repeatedly claimed that they were able to decipher government troops' wires en route. Chen Yi related books did state that the Red Army Central Front deliberately did not reply to remnants in Jiangxi Soviet till early 1935 or in another sense turned off communication with some parties during the Long March. I used the word 'turning off" because i) CCP's Central Army Front always maintained telegraph communications with Zhang Guotao's Red Army Fourth Front for the planned reunion in northwestern Sichuan Province; ii) Mao, after Jan 1935 Zunyi Meeting, sent out the first reply to remnant Red Army guerrillas in Jiangxi Soviet base after Moscow-returnee-controlled CCP Central ignored Xiang Ying & Chen Yi's repeated telegrams for almost three month. Red Army Central Front, other than wireless contacts with the Fourth Front, appeared to have limited liaison with other groups of Chinese Communists in the nation. However, Mao, after toppling Moscow-returnees at Jan 1935 Zunyi Meeting, painstakingly dispatch several batches of foot messengers to Moscow for solidifying his positions in lieu of reestablishing wireless communications with Moscow.
     
  • Otto Braun claimed that Red Army still had maintained 30,000 strength after the debacle in Xiangjiang River crossing. Beling blindfolded from military meetings, Braun's number was doubtful. After the Huili Siege, the total number of Red Army Central Front would not be too far from the number of 5000-10,000. The pretext that "there were not enough boats to cross the Dadu River" was a myth since Mao Tse-tung's Red Army had probably dwindled to 5000-10000 by the time of Huili Meeting and then further separated into two contingents, with one such contingent penetrating the deep mountains of Yi-zu minority people for Anshunchang Crossing. The number could be vindicated by the fact that after re-union with Red Army Fourth Front in northwestern Sichuan Prov, Mao's Central Front Army was replenished by 3000-5000 soldiers from 4th Front, but attrition and loss, including those buried alive by Provincial General Lu Dachang after the Battle of Lazikou Pass, still halved the newly-built Central Front by the time Mao arrived at northern Shenxi Province. The numbers could be rounded up if we gave the replenishment back to Zhang Guotao's Fourth Front, which ultimately died in the hands of Ma Family Cavalry during the Western Route Expedition. (Here also comes Yi-zu minority chieftans' naive expectation [in 1950] that People's Liberation Army would treat them good because their ancestor, 15 years ago, had an oath with Liu Bocheng for lending the Red Army a path to the Dadu River.)
     
  • Chang & Halliday did pick up some internet chatters about government troops letting go the communist Red Army somewhere. The fact is that at "let-go" stake was not Mao's Central Red Army nor Chiang's Central Government Army, but Heh Long & Ren Bishi's Communist Second Flank Army and Sichuan Provincial Army. Sichuan provincial army, controlled by Qin Zhongwen, i.e., an ex-communist, had let go Red Army Second Flank when they reached Sichuan Province. Southwestern provincial armies ignorantly mistook the Russian-instigated rebellion of communist Red Army as just another civil strife.

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    Copyright 1998-2011:
     
    This website expresses the personal opinions of the webmaster. In addition to the webmaster's comments, extensive citations and quotes of ancient Chinese classics (available at http://www.sinica.edu.tw/ftms-bin/ftmsw3) were presented via transcribing and paraphrasing the Classical Chinese language into the English language. Whenever possible, links and URLs are provided to give credit and reference to ideas borrowed elsewhere. This website may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, with or without prior the written permission, on the pre-condition that an acknowledgement or a reciprocal link is expressively provided. All rights reserved.
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    This is an internet version of my writings on "Historical China" (2004 version assembled by http://www.third-millennium-library.com/index.html), "Republican China", and "Communist China". There is no set deadline as to the date of completion for "Communist China" (Someone had saved a copy of my writing on the June 4th [1989] Massacre at http://www.scribd.com/doc/2538142/June-4th-Tiananmen-Massacre-in-Beijing-China). The work on "Historical China" will be after "Republican China". The current emphasis is on "Republican China", now being re-outlined to be inclusive of 1911 to 1955 and divided into volumes of pre-1911 to 1919, 1919 to 1928, 1929 to 1937, 1937 to 1945, and 1945-1955. This webmaster plans to make the contents of "Republican China 1929-1937, A Complete Untold History" into a publication soon. The original plan for completion in year 2007 was delayed as a result of broadening of the timeline to be inclusive of 1911-1955. For up-to-date updates, check the RepublicanChina-pdf.htm page. The objectives of my writings would be i) to re-ignite the patriotic passion of ethnic Chinese overseas; ii) to rectify the modern Chinese history to its original truth; and iii) to expound the Chinese traditions, humanity, culture and legacy to the world community. Significance of the historical work on this website could probably be made into a parallel to the cognizance of Chinese revolutionary forerunners of the 1890s: After 250 years of Manchu forgeries and repression, revolutionaries in the late 19th century re-discovered the Manchu slaughters and literary inquisitions against the Chinese via books like "Three Rounds Of Slaughter At Jiading In 1645", "Ten Day Massacre At Yangzhou" and Jiang Lianqi's "Dong Hua Lu" [i.e., "Lineage Extermination Against Luu Liuliang Family"]. It is this Webmaster's hope that some future generations of the Chinese patriots, including to-be-awoken sons and grandsons of arch-thieve Chinese Communist rulers [who had sought material pursuits in the West], would return to China to do something for the goodness of the country.

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